Cleft lip and palate are birth defects that affect the upper lip and the roof of the mouth.

There are many causes for of cleft lip and palate. Problems with genes passed down from one or both parents, drugs, viruses, or other toxins can all cause such birth defects. Cleft lip and palate may occur along with other syndromes or birth defects.

A cleft lip and palate can affect the appearance of one's face, and may lead to problems with feeding and speech, as well as ear infections. Problems may range from a small notch in the lip to a complete groove that runs into the roof of the mouth and nose. These features may occur separately or together.

Risk factors include a family history of cleft lip or palate and other birth defect. About 1 out of 2,500 people have a cleft palate.

• Change in nose shape (amount of distortion varies)
• Failure to gain weight
• Feeding problems
• Flow of milk through nasal passages during feeding
• Misaligned teeth
• Poor growth
• Recurrent ear infections
• Separation of the lip alone
• Separation of the palate
• Separation of the lip and palate
• Speech difficulties

A physical examination of the mouth, nose, and palate confirms a cleft lip or cleft palate. Medical tests may be done to rule out other possible health conditions.