Wax blockage is obstruction of the ear canal with cerumen (wax).

The ear canal is lined with hair follicles and glands that produce a waxy oil called cerumen. This protects the ear by trapping dust, microorganisms, and other foreign particles, preventing them from entering and damaging the ear. The wax usually makes its way to the opening of the ear where it falls out or is removed by washing.

In some people, the glands produce more wax than can be easily excreted from the ear. This extra wax may harden within the ear canal and block the ear. More commonly, the ear canal may be blocked by wax when attempts to clean the ear push wax deeper into the ear canal and cause a blockage.

Wax blockage is one of the most common causes of hearing loss.

• Partial hearing loss, may be progressive
• Noises in the ear (tinnitus)
• Earache
• Fullness in the ear or a sensation that the ear is plugged

During a physical examination, the health care provider will look into the ear for signs of wax blockage.