Tuberculous arthritis is an infection of the joints due to tuberculosis.

See also: Spondylitis

Approximately 2% of people affected with tuberculosis will develop associated arthritis. The joints most frequently involved are the spine, hips, knees, wrists, and ankles. Most cases involve just one joint.

Tuberculosis involving the spine is often referred to as Pott's disease. The fictional Hunchback of Notre Dame had a humpback that is thought to have been caused by tuberculosis.

Tuberculous arthritis can be very destructive. In particular, if the spine is involved, a patient may have numbness, tingling, or weakness below the level of the infection. Muscle atrophy and muscle spasms can occur.

• Low-grade fever
• Excessive sweating, especially at night
• Weight loss or loss of appetite
• Joint swelling with warm, tender joints
• Decreased joint mobility
• Spinal mass, sometimes associated with numbness, tingling, or weakness of the legs

A physical examination indicates joint inflammation.

Tests:

• Joint x-rays
• Positive tuberculin skin test (also called PPD)
• Aspiration of fluid in the joint
• Biopsy of the joint to detect the bacteria that causes tuberculosis