What You Should Know About Gingko Biloba
Spring 2004 Ginkgo,
or ginkgo biloba, is the scientific name for
a popular herbal treatment used for various medical
disorders. Also known as “the maidenhair
tree,” ginkgo biloba is derived from the
only surviving plant from the dinosaur era, dating
back more than 250 million years. The tree, which
is large and fan-shaped with a decorative appearance,
is native to China and Japan. Extracts from the
tree’s leaves, nuts and seeds are administered
in pill, liquid or intravenous form.
Ginkgo biloba, sometimes called a “memory
enhancer” or “brain booster,” has
been used to treat patients with dementia, Alzheimer’s
disease or other cognitive disorders. Studies
have shown that its use increases blood flow
to the brain. Other uses include treating patients
with problems associated with cerebral circulation,
peripheral vascular disorders, sexual dysfunction
and hearing loss. In the United States, ginkgo
biloba is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) as a dietary supplement.
Potential Side Effects
Most people can safely take ginkgo biloba with little or no side effects. However,
some people have experienced adverse reactions, such as spontaneous bleeding.
Studies have concluded that ginkgo biloba has blood thinning qualities and
can interfere with blood clotting. Due to the risk of bleeding, ginkgo biloba
should not be taken at least 36 hours before surgery.
It should not be used
with over-the-counter drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen, vitamin E or garlic.
In addition, patients on blood pressure medications or antiplatelet or
anticoagulant drugs such as Coumadin, should
avoid taking ginkgo biloba. Patients have
reported other side effects after taking ginkgo biloba, including seizures,
diarrhea, upset stomach, flatulence, headache, dizziness, skin irritations
and heart palpitations. It is recommended that ginkgo biloba extracts be
checked to determine if they contain ginkgolic acid, which increases allergic
reactions.
Conclusion
Although many herbal treatments are considered safe, patients should always
consult a physician or health care provider before taking any type of supplement.
This is especially important for patients who are currently taking prescription
drugs or who are considering elective surgery.
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